Therapeutic Uses of Pulsed Magnetic Field Exposure – A Review
1. Introduction
Bioelectromagnetics is the study of the interaction between non-ionizing electromagnetic fields and biological systems. In the extremely low frequency (ELF, ≤ 300Hz, [1, 2, 3]) part of the electromagnetic spectrum, experimental therapies have been emerging for a variety of medical conditions, such as non-union bone fractures, skin ulcers, migraines, and degenerative nerves. Pulsed electromagnetic fields have been used as therapeutic agents over the last 40 years, following convincing evidence that electric currents can accelerate bone formation [4]. Specifically, electromagnetic-field stimulation gained credibility as a therapy following observations that the application of physical stress on bones promoted the formation of very small electric currents that are related to bone formation. A similar mechanism has been observed for cartilage, whereby electrical stimulation of chondrocytes increased the synthesis of the major component of cartilage matrix, known as proteogylcans [5].
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Low Energy Pulsing Electromagnetic Fields Modify Biomedical Processes
Summary
Low-energy, pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) have reversed therapeutically resistant pathologic processes in the musculo-skeletal system. Their development as a non-thermal therapeutic agent is based on 30 years of study of the electro-biological properties of connective tissues. Specific energy characteristics in applied PEMFs produce selected biological effects by modifying synthetic and other behavioral patterns of target cells; some mechanisms of action are defined. The technology appears safe and effective in clinical treatment of un-united fractures, avascular necrosis of bone, and chronic, refractory tendinitis. An expanding, rational use in biomedical science is predicted.
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